{"id":2523,"date":"2017-11-26T16:50:04","date_gmt":"2017-11-26T15:50:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/?p=2523"},"modified":"2025-12-14T16:38:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T15:38:07","slug":"co-chtela-postolka-v-kurniku-v-zime","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/2017\/11\/26\/co-chtela-postolka-v-kurniku-v-zime\/","title":{"rendered":"Co cht\u011bla po\u0161tolka v&nbsp;kurn\u00edku v&nbsp;zim\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#8212; se do\u010dtete ve Velk\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edrodopise pt\u00e1k\u016f se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm z\u0159etelem ku ptactvu zem\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch a&nbsp;rakousk\u00fdch: s&nbsp;\u010detn\u00fdmi obrazy i&nbsp;barvotiskov\u00fdmi a&nbsp;jako pr\u016fvodce ku Velk\u00e9mu atlasu pt\u00e1k\u016f (autor <span class=\"value\">Kn\u011b\u017eourek, Karel, 1857\u20141920).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"2524\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/2017\/11\/26\/co-chtela-postolka-v-kurniku-v-zime\/velkyprirodopis\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/VelkyPrirodopis.jpg?fit=442%2C679&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"442,679\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"VelkyPrirodopis\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/VelkyPrirodopis.jpg?fit=442%2C679&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-2524 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/VelkyPrirodopis.jpg?resize=442%2C679&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"442\" height=\"679\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/VelkyPrirodopis.jpg?w=442&amp;ssl=1 442w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/VelkyPrirodopis.jpg?resize=195%2C300&amp;ssl=1 195w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 442px) 100vw, 442px\" \/><!--more--><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Po\u0161tolka obecn\u00e1 (Cerchneis tinnunculus, L, = Falco tinnun., L.).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Po\u0161tolice, postila, \u0159ehec, \u0161pergl (od n\u011bm. Sperber \u2014 krahujec), \u010derven\u00e1 kuka\u010dka. \u2014 Rus.: Pustelga, kob\u010dik; poh: Sokol pustulka, sokol wie\u017eowy; chorv. : Po\u0161tolka klikavka ; srb. : Vjetru\u0161a klikavka; lu\u017e. srb.: Pustava, pustavka, pustolka; slovin. : Navadna postovka; n\u011bm.: Der Turmfalk, R\u00fcttelfalk, Rotfalk, Kirchfalk.<\/p>\n<p>Druhov\u00fd znak: Ozob\u00ed, o\u010dn\u00ed krou\u017eek a&nbsp;stoj\u00e1ky \u017elut\u00e9; dr\u00e1py \u010dern\u00e9; zoubek i&nbsp;v&nbsp;horn\u00ed \u010delisti tup\u00fd; povrchu rezav\u00e1, \u010dern\u011b skvrnit\u00e1; spodek za\u017eloutle b\u00edl\u00fd a&nbsp;tak\u00e9 hn\u011bd\u011b pod\u00e9l skvrnit\u00fd; konce 1.&nbsp;letky se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed konci 4.&nbsp;sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e 3.; zaokrouhlen\u00fd ocas p\u0159esahuje koncovou \u010dtvrtinou sv\u00e9 d\u00e9lky slo\u017een\u00e1 k\u0159\u00eddla, m\u00e1 hlavu a&nbsp;ocas kr\u00e1sn\u011b popelav\u011b \u0160edy; konec ocasu jest zdoben \u0161irokou \u010dernou p\u00e1skou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dnou, kter\u00e1 na \u0161pi\u010dk\u00e1ch per je b\u00edle lemov\u00e1na. \u2640 a&nbsp;ml. pt\u00e1ci maj\u00ed hlavu rezavou jako povrch t\u011bla a&nbsp;ocas; onen je \u010dernohn\u011bd\u011b skvrnit, tento \u010dern\u011b pruhov\u00e1n. \u2014 D\u00e9lka 32 cm, v&nbsp;rozpjet\u00ed 70 cm, k\u0159\u00eddlo 23 cm, ocas 14,5 cm, zob\u00e1k po&nbsp;slemeni 2 cm, b\u011bh\u00e1k 4,8 cm.<\/p>\n<p>Na ostrov\u011b Madei\u0159e a&nbsp;na Kan\u00e1rech se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed po\u0161tolka kan\u00e1rsk\u00e1 (Cer. tin. canariensis, K\u00f6nig) je men\u0161\u00ed, 30 cm dlouh\u00e1 a&nbsp;k\u0159\u00eddlo 22,5 cm; \u2642 je celkem zbarven \u017eiv\u011bji, \u2640 p\u011bt n\u00e1padn\u011b temn\u00fdm koloritem vynik\u00e1. \u2014 Japonsk\u00e1 po\u0161tolka (Cer. tin. japonicus, Temm.) je zase v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed (35\u201436 cm) a&nbsp;ob\u011b pohlav\u00ed jsou zbarven\u00ed jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho; star\u0161\u00ed \u2642 m\u00e1 hlavu \u010dern\u011b skvrnitou. Kone\u010dn\u011b z&nbsp;poho\u0159\u00ed tropick\u00e9ho severov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Afriky zn\u00e1ma je forma, Cerch. tin. carbo, Hart, et Neum., kter\u00e1 je men\u0161\u00ed japonsk\u00e9, ale j\u00ed podobn\u00e1, s&nbsp;tmav\u0161\u00edm temenem a&nbsp;povrchem siln\u011bji p\u0159\u00ed\u010dkovan\u00fdm.<\/p>\n<p>V lednu 1908 zast\u0159elena \u2640 (pitvou zji\u0161t\u011bno), kter\u00e1 jsouc obvykl\u00e9ho zbarven\u00ed sami\u010d\u00edho, m\u00e1 kost\u0159ec a&nbsp;jedno pero r\u00fddovac\u00ed kr\u00e1sn\u011b \u0161edomodr\u00fd, skvrny vespod t\u011bla drobounk\u00e9, kapkovit\u00e9, a&nbsp;cel\u00e9 zbarven\u00ed sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o&nbsp;velice star\u00e9 \u2640 zajist\u00e9 steriln\u00ed i&nbsp;jalov\u00e9), na n\u00ed\u017e jsou z\u0159ejm\u00fd po\u010d\u00e1tky kohoutoperosti (majetek praep. Drobka v&nbsp;\u010c\u00e1slavi). O&nbsp;podobn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u00ed\u0161e se v&nbsp;Nov\u00e9m Naumannu V. sv.&nbsp;str.&nbsp;117., majetek p.&nbsp;Thienemanna ze 2.&nbsp;\u00fanora 1895.<\/p>\n<p>Na\u0161e zn\u00e1m\u00e1 po\u0161tolka je domovem v&nbsp;cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b, vyjma vysok\u00fd sever) a\u010dkoli i&nbsp;za pol\u00e1rn\u00edm kruhem byla pozorov\u00e1na; v&nbsp;t\u00e9\u017ee \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce ob\u00fdv\u00e1 i&nbsp;Asii a\u017e po&nbsp;Indii, d\u00e1le celou severn\u00ed Afriku s&nbsp;ostrovy Kan\u00e1rsk\u00fdmi a&nbsp;Madeirou. Za tahu, oby\u010dejn\u011b v&nbsp;z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed po\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edho, p\u0159eletuj\u00ed St\u0159edozemn\u00ed mo\u0159e do Afriky, kam zaletuj\u00ed od Nilu a\u017e po&nbsp;Senegal \u043a rovn\u00edku, kde\u017eto ob\u011b p\u0159ede\u0161l\u00e9 po\u0161tolky zjistil Sclater (1907) a\u017e v&nbsp;Kapsku.<\/p>\n<p>Mnoho po\u0161tolek p\u0159ezimuje ji\u017e v&nbsp;ji\u017en\u00ed Evrop\u011b a&nbsp;jednotliv\u00e9 i&nbsp;v&nbsp;na\u0161ich a&nbsp;severn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch krajin\u00e1ch, co u\u017e p\u0159ed 60 lety bylo konstatov\u00e1no (Palliardi).<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1v\u011b 12.&nbsp;prosince 1908 dostal jsem skvostn\u00e9ho (\u00fd z\u00e1hy z&nbsp;r\u00e1na, skoro za \u0161era, u&nbsp;Starko\u010de st\u0159e\u2019en\u00e9ho; oby\u010dejn\u011b sami\u010dky (nebo mlad\u00ed pt\u00e1ci) odhodl\u00e1vaj\u00ed se ku p\u0159ezimov\u00e1n\u00ed. Jarn\u00ed tah odb\u00fdv\u00e1 se z\u00e1hy, oby\u010dejn\u011b u\u017e v&nbsp;b\u0159eznu.<\/p>\n<p>Za obydl\u00ed vol\u00edv\u00e1 si r\u00e1da roviny, jako jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9, av\u0161ak ne snad v\u00fdhradn\u011b, n\u00fdbr\u017e i&nbsp;v&nbsp;pahorkatin\u00e1ch, v&nbsp;p\u0159edho\u0159\u00edch i&nbsp;st\u0159edoho\u0159\u00edch se usazuje a&nbsp;nez\u0159\u00eddka i&nbsp;ve vysok\u00fdch Alp\u00e1ch a\u017e 2000&nbsp;m se objevuje. Obydl\u00ed jej\u00ed b\u00fdvaj\u00ed oby\u010dejn\u011b z\u0159\u00edceniny, polozbo\u0159en\u00e9 budovy a&nbsp;hrady, vysok\u00e9 hradebn\u00ed zdi, v\u011b\u017ee, z\u00e1mky, chr\u00e1my, sk\u00e1ly i&nbsp;pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed \u00faskal\u00ed, zkr\u00e1tka v\u0161ude, kde jen m\u00edsto ku zalo\u017een\u00ed hn\u00edzda se naskytuje. A&nbsp;nen\u00ed-li takov\u00fdch, pom\u016f\u017ee si snadno, usad\u00ed se t\u0159eba v&nbsp;poln\u00edm h\u00e1jku, na okraji les\u016f (zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b borov\u00fdch) a&nbsp;j. V\u00edd\u00e1me ji ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch i&nbsp;men\u0161\u00edch m\u011bstech tak dob\u0159e, jako ve voln\u00fdch pol\u00edch p\u0159i&nbsp;n\u011bjak\u00e9 z\u0159\u00edcenin\u011b, v&nbsp;lese jako na \u00faskal\u00edch pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch, kde se hn\u00edzd\u00ed mezi racky nebo skaln\u00edmi holuby.<\/p>\n<p>W. Schuster p\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee vyjmouc sovu p\u00e1lenou, ze v\u0161ech dravc\u016f se po\u0161tolka hn\u00edzd\u00ed nejbl\u00ed\u017ee lidsk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edbytk\u016fm. Ze skaln\u00edch rozsedlin p\u0159elo\u017eila svoje hn\u00edzdi\u0161t\u011b na hrady a&nbsp;z\u0159\u00edceniny, v\u011b\u017ee chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 i&nbsp;z\u00e1mky. Tak ob\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u011b\u017ee chr\u00e1mu Notre-Dame v&nbsp;Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei, na Petrsk\u00e9m chr\u00e1mu v&nbsp;\u0158\u00edm\u011b, \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1nsk\u00e9m d\u00f3mu ve V\u00eddni, ve z\u0159\u00edcenin\u00e1ch vyho\u0159el\u00e9ho kr\u00e1l. z\u00e1mku v&nbsp;Kodani. Velmi hojn\u00fdm hn\u00edzdivcem je na \u0161trassbursk\u00e9m d\u00f3mu, jako\u017e i&nbsp;v&nbsp;Met\u00e1ch a&nbsp;Reme\u0161i, kde\u017eto d\u00f3m mil\u00e1nsk\u00fd se jim n\u011bjak nezamlouv\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>A jako jsou rozmanit\u00e1 jej\u00ed bydli\u0161t\u011b, tak tak\u00e9 jsou v\u0161elijak\u00e1 jej\u00ed hn\u00edzda, dle toho, jsou-li v&nbsp;d\u011br\u00e1ch zd\u00ed a&nbsp;skal, nebo na budov\u00e1ch \u010di&nbsp;v&nbsp;nich, na stromech, v&nbsp;pta\u010d\u00edch budk\u00e1ch a&nbsp;j. um\u00edst\u011bna. Tak\u00e9 star\u00fdch vran\u00edch, dravc\u00edch nebo holub\u00edch hnizd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 po&nbsp;n\u00e1le\u017eit\u00e9 \u00faprav\u011b. Se strakou nebo i&nbsp;vr\u00e1nou jest ji nejednou sv\u00e9sti dosti tuh\u00fd z\u00e1pas, ne\u017e ji vypud\u00ed z&nbsp;jejich majetku, jeho\u017e se tuze nerady vzd\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je zn\u00e1ti p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu, pro\u010d tak mnoz\u00ed pt\u00e1ci \u010din\u00ed (zn\u00e1mo tak i&nbsp;o&nbsp;kalousu). Tito pt\u00e1ci \u2014 po\u0161tolka i&nbsp;kalous) byli p\u016fvodn\u011b pt\u00e1ky doupn\u00fdmi a&nbsp;z&nbsp;nedostatku dutin v&nbsp;lese brali \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b ku star\u00fdm nebo opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdm hn\u00edzd\u016fm ji\u017e hotov\u00fdm, nebo\u0165 nelze jen tak rychle se nau\u010diti stav\u011bt\u00ed, nen\u00ed u&nbsp;ka\u017ed\u00e9ho stejn\u00fd talent \u043a tomuto um\u011bn\u00ed. Ostatn\u011b po\u0161tolka je v&nbsp;ohledu tom ji\u017e na dosti pokro\u010dil\u00e9m stupni stavitelsk\u00e9 dovednosti, jeliko\u017e um\u00ed tak\u00e9 a&nbsp;to p\u011bkn\u00e9 hn\u00edzdo upl\u00e9sti. Je trvanliv\u00e9 a&nbsp;tepl\u00e9 st\u00e9bly, pe\u0159\u00edm, chlupy a&nbsp;kousky my\u0161\u00ed ko\u017ee\u0161iny vystl\u00e1no a&nbsp;sv\u011b\u017e\u00edmi ratolestmi b\u0159ezov\u00fdmi vyzdobeno. To je t\u00edm n\u00e1padn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee v&nbsp;dutin\u00e1ch bezm\u00e1la beze v\u0161\u00ed podlo\u017eky sv\u00e1 vejce sn\u00e1\u0161\u00edv\u00e1. Tak\u00e9 bylo shled\u00e1no, \u017ee se hn\u00edzd\u00edv\u00e1 spole\u010densky, v&nbsp;koloni\u00edch jako jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9, nalezne-li \u043a tomu vhodn\u00e1 m\u00edsta jako v&nbsp;h\u00e1j\u00edch nebo na okrajich les\u016f, nebo\u0165 byly u\u017e nalezeny 20\u201430p\u00e1rov\u00e9 osady po\u0161tol\u010d\u00ed. Nez\u0159\u00eddka hn\u00edzd\u00edv\u00e1 se po\u0161tolka i&nbsp;mezi kavkami, skal. holuby, havrany, volavkami i&nbsp;racky. Landbeck nalezl hn\u00edzd\u00edc\u00ed se po\u0161tolky ve wiirtembersk\u00e9m a&nbsp;badensk\u00e9m \u010cern\u00e9m lese v&nbsp;slam\u011bn\u00fdch ko\u0161\u00edch, je\u017e tamn\u00ed venkovan\u00e9 zav\u011b\u0161uji na lomenice sv\u00fdch bar\u00e1k\u016f, domn\u00edvaj\u00edce se, \u017ee jest to nejlep\u0161\u00edm ochrann\u00fdm prost\u0159edkem \u043a zapuzen\u00ed jest\u0159\u00e1b\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Ve hn\u00edzd\u011b mo\u017eno nal\u00e9zti v&nbsp;dubnu 4-6 vajec, kter\u00e1 na b\u00edl\u00e9, sv\u011btle rezav\u00e9, \u017elutohn\u011bd\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed barv\u011b jsou rezav\u011b, rudohn\u011bd\u011b, hn\u011bdo\u010derven\u011b nebo \u017elutohn\u011bd\u011b tmav\u011b skvrnit\u00e1 nebo mramorovan\u00e1; \u010dasto jen m\u00e1lo skvrn m\u00edvaj\u00ed a&nbsp;tu pak z\u00e1kladn\u00ed zbarveni u&nbsp;v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch parti\u00edch je patrn\u00e9. Jsou celkem velice prom\u011bnliv\u00e1 a&nbsp;to i&nbsp;v&nbsp;jedin\u00e9 n\u00e1sad\u011b; le\u010d uvnit\u0159 v\u017edy b\u00edl\u00e1, povrchu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 skoro bez lesku. Podoby jsou podlouhl\u00e9, vejcovit\u00e9, stla\u010den\u011b b\u0159ichat\u00e9 a\u017e kulat\u00e9. 114 vajec jevilo v&nbsp;pr\u016fm\u011bru velikost 33,4 x 30,5 mm a&nbsp;v\u00e1hu 1,487 g.<\/p>\n<p>Ml\u00e1\u010fata jsou zprvu od\u011bna b\u00edl\u00fdm chm\u00fd\u0159\u00edm, kter\u00e9 pozd\u011bji se\u0161ediv\u00ed a&nbsp;toliko na hlav\u011b z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejd\u00e9le patrn\u00fdm. Vyl\u00edhnou-li se v&nbsp;dutin\u011b n\u011bjak\u00e9, z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve hn\u00edzd\u011b pom\u011brn\u011b d\u00e9le ne\u017e takov\u00e9, je\u017e se vyl\u00edhnou a&nbsp;vyvedou na strom\u011b. V&nbsp;tom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b opou\u0161t\u00edvaj\u00ed kol\u00e9bku svou, ani\u017e by dokonale dovedla l\u00e9tati a&nbsp;skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed se ve v\u011btv\u00edch bl\u00edzk\u00fdch strom\u016f ne\u017e jsou s&nbsp;to star\u00e9 n\u00e1sledovali do bl\u00edzk\u00fdch pol\u00ed. A&nbsp;je\u0161t\u011b tak dlouho to trv\u00e1 ne\u017eli samostatn\u011b se dovedou \u017eiviti. Po\u010d\u00e1tky loveck\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed provozuj\u00ed nejprve na hmyzu, hlavn\u011b kobylk\u00e1ch; sta\u0159\u00ed jim don\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed my\u0161i, kobylky, brouky t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010dtvrt hodiny. Sem tam i&nbsp;je\u0161t\u011b\u0159ici dostanou a&nbsp;jen z\u0159\u00eddka kdy pt\u00e1\u010dka. Middendorf vypravuje, \u017ee koncem srpna cel\u00e1 hejna mlad\u00fdch po\u0161tolek se dostavuje na Boganidu (sev. Sibi\u0159), aby se tu vyp\u00e1sly na lum\u00edc\u00edch. P\u011bt tady zast\u0159elen\u00fdch po\u0161tolek byly sam\u00e9 samice.<\/p>\n<p>Po\u0161tolka je pt\u00e1kem zmu\u017eil\u00fdm, n\u011bkdy a\u017e drz\u00fdm; lehce l\u00edt\u00e1, rychle a&nbsp;mr\u0161tn\u011b pohybuj\u00edc k\u0159\u00eddly, ale daleko ne tak prudce jako d\u0159eml\u00edk nebo ost\u0159\u00ed\u017e, jest u&nbsp;n\u00ed to zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dasto zastavuje v&nbsp;letu a&nbsp;jakoby visela na jednom m\u00edst\u011b ve v\u00fd\u0161i se t\u0159epet\u00e1, p\u00e1traj\u00edc pod sebou po&nbsp;ko\u0159isti. <span style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 1.125rem;\">Poda\u0159\u00ed-li se j\u00ed to a&nbsp;shl\u00e9dne-li kobylku nebo i&nbsp;jen brou\u010dka, kter\u00fd bystr\u00e9mu jej\u00edmu zraku neu\u0161el, vrh\u00e1 se s&nbsp;p\u0159ita\u017een\u00fdmi k\u0159\u00eddly \u043a zemi, uchop\u00ed ko\u0159ist do sp\u00e1r\u016f, odkud ji teprve, je-li drobn\u00e1, zob\u00e1kem popadne a&nbsp;poz\u0159e; s&nbsp;v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ko\u0159ist\u00ed (my\u0161\u00ed) v\u0161ak odletuje, aby ji n\u011bkde pohodln\u011b mohla shltnouti. Nel\u00edt\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysoko a&nbsp;chce-li d\u00e1le, zam\u00e1v\u00e1 rychle n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t k\u0159\u00eddly, kr\u00e1tkou chv\u00edli se nese a&nbsp;op\u011bt zam\u00e1v\u00e1 atd., m\u016f\u017eete si toho dob\u0159e pov\u0161imnouti a&nbsp;t\u00edmto letem l\u00ed\u0161\u00ed se od kuka\u010dky, j\u00ed\u017e tak \u010dasto za dravce let\u00edc\u00edho m\u00edvaj\u00ed. Pouze u&nbsp;hn\u00edzda a&nbsp;za kr\u00e1sn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed vzn\u00e1\u0161\u00edv\u00e1 se n\u011bkdy plavmo a&nbsp;spir\u00e1lovit\u011b do takov\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161e, a\u017e se skoro ztr\u00e1c\u00ed nadobro.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Od krahujce ji rozezn\u00e1me po&nbsp;del\u0161\u00edch a&nbsp;\u0161pi\u010dat\u011bj\u0161\u00edch k\u0159\u00eddlech, od ost\u0159\u00ed\u017ee v\u0161ak po&nbsp;del\u0161\u00edm ocase a&nbsp;v\u00e1hav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm letu. Fiks\u00edruje-li po\u0161tolka n\u011bco up\u0159en\u011b sv\u00fdma velik\u00fdma o\u010dima, pohybuje nahoru \u0430 dol\u016f hlavou, co\u017e do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 ono zn\u00e1m\u00e9 kol\u00e9b\u00e1n\u00ed hlavou u&nbsp;sov.<\/p>\n<p>Za potravu slou\u017e\u00ed ji v\u00fdhradn\u011b v\u0161elik\u00e9 my\u0161i, drobn\u00ed pt\u00e1\u010dci a\u017e do velikosti k\u0159epelky z\u0159\u00eddka se ocituj\u00ed na jej\u00ed hodovn\u00ed tabuli; mimo to si pochutn\u00e1vaj\u00ed i&nbsp;na \u017eab\u00e1ch, je\u0161t\u011brk\u00e1ch, hlem\u00fd\u017ed\u00edch, brouc\u00edch, cvr\u010dc\u00edch, kobylk\u00e1ch a&nbsp;jin\u00fdch hmyzech. Nen\u00ed tak obratnou, aby dovedla v&nbsp;letu pt\u00e1ky lapati, ale hon\u00edv\u00e1 se za nimi tak dlouho, a\u017e umdleni sedaj\u00ed a&nbsp;ona se jich pak snadno m\u016f\u017ee zmocniti; dostane-li na n\u011b chu\u0165, to\u017e oby\u010dejn\u011b je popad\u00e1, ani sed\u00ed. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u00ed to b\u00fdv\u00e1 prolet\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd vrabec, je\u017e druhdy za\u017eene bu\u010f pod st\u0159echu nebo do plotu, odkud je pokud mo\u017eno p\u011bkn\u011b vytahuje; sem tam hladem puzena odva\u017euje se i&nbsp;na zp\u011bvav\u00e9 pt\u00e1ky v&nbsp;klec\u00edch. Av\u0161ak i&nbsp;tu dlu\u017eno dravost podobnou m\u00edti za zjev individueln\u00ed.\u00a0Co cht\u011bla kdysi po\u0161tolka v&nbsp;kurn\u00edku v&nbsp;zim\u011b? Namluvili o&nbsp;ni, \u017ee pr\u00fd \u0161la na slepice a&nbsp;ona jist\u011b \u017ee za vrabci sem vrazila.<\/p>\n<p>Engler oznamuje z&nbsp;\u010c\u00edny, \u017ee zast\u0159elil v&nbsp;\u00fazem\u00ed Kiou\u010dansk\u00e9m po\u0161tolku, kter\u00e1 p\u0159i\u0161la kdysi v&nbsp;ob\u011b \u010delisti, je\u017e j\u00ed byly ranou rozdrceny, tak\u017ee m\u011bla \u00fasta zcela odkryta a&nbsp;p\u0159ece byl pt\u00e1k ten p\u011bkn\u00fd ve zv\u011b\u0159in\u011b a&nbsp;\u017ealudek jeho byl napln\u011bn kobylkami.<\/p>\n<p>Z toho pozn\u00e1v\u00e1me, \u017ee po\u0161tolka nezasluhuje b\u00fdti prohla\u0161ov\u00e1na za \u0161kodnou a&nbsp;dle toho hubena; jest zajist\u00e9 v\u00edce u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 ne\u017e \u0161kodliv\u00e1. Rey prohl\u00e9dl 9 \u017ealudk\u016f po\u0161tol\u010d\u00edch a&nbsp;nalezl toliko jedin\u00e9ho pt\u00e1\u010dka, ostatn\u011b sam\u00e9 my\u0161i a&nbsp;exempl\u00e1\u0159 letos (1908) v&nbsp;prosinci st\u0159elen\u00fd m\u011bl v&nbsp;\u017ealudku i&nbsp;ve voleti zbytky my\u0161\u00ed. N\u00e1\u0161 dosavadn\u00ed a&nbsp;d\u00e1vno u\u017e zastaral\u00fd z\u00e1kon na ochranu ptactva z&nbsp;1870 dovoluje ji st\u0159\u00edleti mezi 15.&nbsp;z\u00e1\u0159\u00edm a&nbsp;31.&nbsp;lednem, arci s&nbsp;povolen\u00edm. To ov\u0161em jenom na pap\u00ed\u0159e, ten v\u0161ecko unese, \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed; ve skute\u010dnosti na\u0161i hajn\u00ed i&nbsp;myslivci je vyst\u0159eluj\u00ed z&nbsp;hnizd i&nbsp;s&nbsp;mlad\u00fdmi nebo vejci a&nbsp;to bez povolen\u00ed a&nbsp;pro zob\u00e1ky a&nbsp;jin\u00ed Nimrodi? \u010casto jen z&nbsp;legrace, aby si bouchli.<\/p>\n<p>V zajet\u00ed se d\u00e1 snad nejsn\u00e1ze ze v\u0161ech dravc\u016f ocho\u010diti a&nbsp;vycvi\u010diti ku voln\u00e9mu vyletov\u00e1n\u00ed a&nbsp;vletov\u00e1n\u00ed a&nbsp;dlu\u017eno si p\u0159i&nbsp;tom v\u00e9sti podobn\u011b, jak vyl\u00ed\u010deno podrobn\u011bji u&nbsp;ost\u0159\u00ed\u017ee.<\/p>\n<p>K\u0159ik po\u0161tol\u010din je jasn\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 \u201ekli kli kli kli\u201c, jako\u017e i&nbsp;m\u00edrn\u00e9 \u201ekidrik kidrik\u201c, kone\u010dn\u011b n\u011bkdy chraptiv\u00e9 \u201eki k\u00ed\u201c. V&nbsp;zajet\u00ed se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee si vyp\u011bstuj\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho k\u0159iklouna, kter\u00fd sv\u00fdm hlasem a\u017e obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdm b\u00fdv\u00e1. A&nbsp;tu zn\u00e1m jeden v\u00fdborn\u00fd a&nbsp;\u010dastokr\u00e1t osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fd prost\u0159edek \u2014 darovati takov\u00e9mu pt\u00e1ku svobodu a&nbsp;venku se pak k\u0159ik ten ztrat\u00ed \u00fapln\u00e9 a&nbsp;doma je klid.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>KN\u011a\u017dOUREK, Karel. <i>Velk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edrodopis pt\u00e1k\u016f se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm z\u0159etelem ku ptactvu zem\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch a&nbsp;rakousk\u00fdch: s&nbsp;\u010detn\u00fdmi obrazy i&nbsp;barvotiskov\u00fdmi a&nbsp;jako pr\u016fvodce ku Velk\u00e9mu atlasu pt\u00e1k\u016f<\/i>. V&nbsp;Praze: L. Kober, 1912. (<a href=\"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Knezourek_1912.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PDF<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8212; se do\u010dtete ve Velk\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edrodopise pt\u00e1k\u016f se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm z\u0159etelem ku ptactvu zem\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch a&nbsp;rakousk\u00fdch: s&nbsp;\u010detn\u00fdmi obrazy i&nbsp;barvotiskov\u00fdmi a&nbsp;jako pr\u016fvodce ku Velk\u00e9mu atlasu pt\u00e1k\u016f (autor Kn\u011b\u017eourek, Karel, 1857\u20141920).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"quote","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[105,110,225,108],"tags":[332,12,91],"class_list":["post-2523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-quote","hentry","category-postolka","category-postolka-obecna","category-ptaci-v-literature-filmu-a-vytvarnem-umeni","category-ostatni-zvirena","tag-knezourek-karel","tag-ps_30","tag-ps_95","post_format-post-format-quote"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p91gKE-EH","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":33872,"url":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/2024\/03\/28\/brnensti-velci-cerni-ptaci\/","url_meta":{"origin":2523,"position":0},"title":"Brn\u011bn\u0161t\u00ed velc\u00ed \u010dern\u00ed pt\u00e1ci","author":"Zuzana Syrov\u00e1 An\u00fd\u017eov\u00e1","date":"28\/03\/2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Aneb o velk\u00e9m nocovi\u0161ti velk\u00fdch \u010den\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f v Brn\u011b a jednom nesmysln\u00e9m projektu lanovky.","rel":"","context":"V \u201eHavran\u201c","block_context":{"text":"Havran","link":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/category\/ostatni-zvirena\/ptaci\/havran\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/birds-705043_1280-1024x768.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/birds-705043_1280-1024x768.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/birds-705043_1280-1024x768.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2430,"url":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/2017\/11\/25\/a-jeste-aby-si-postolky-po-sobe-uklizely\/","url_meta":{"origin":2523,"position":1},"title":"A je\u0161t\u011b aby si po\u0161tolky po&nbsp;sob\u011b ukl\u00edzely!","author":"Zuzana Syrov\u00e1 An\u00fd\u017eov\u00e1","date":"25\/11\/2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Tento blok by mo\u017en\u00e1 nikdy nevznikl, kdyby n\u00e1\u0161 prvn\u00ed po\u0161tol\u010d\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 na rok 2008 nebyla byla b\u00fdvala na\u0161e dobr\u00e1 zn\u00e1m\u00e1 Draga Kol\u00e1\u0159ov\u00e1 poslala sv\u00e9mu dobr\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edteli Karlu Hudcovi. Byl toho n\u00e1zoru, \u017ee by se ten chovatelsk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh m\u011bl publikovat v \u017div\u011b. Na to jsme se zrovna nec\u00edtili a tak jsme\u2026","rel":"","context":"V \u201e\"Na\u0161e\" po\u0161tolky\u201c","block_context":{"text":"\"Na\u0161e\" po\u0161tolky","link":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/category\/nasi\/nase-postolky\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/ptaci-v-ceskem-zivote-a-kulture-197x300.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2173,"url":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/2017\/10\/14\/o-zpevu-a-povaze-kosu-nejen-literarnich\/","url_meta":{"origin":2523,"position":2},"title":"O zp\u011bvu a&nbsp;povaze kos\u016f nejen liter\u00e1rn\u00edch","author":"Zuzana Syrov\u00e1 An\u00fd\u017eov\u00e1","date":"14\/10\/2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Pot\u00e9, co si \"na\u0161e\" po\u0161tol\u010d\u00ed sami\u010dka za\u010dala po r\u00e1nu zp\u00edvat, jsme se za\u010dali p\u00eddit po tom, pro\u010d pt\u00e1ci zp\u00edvaj\u00ed a zda si zp\u00edvaj\u00ed i jen tak pro radost.\u00a0 A tak jsme se dostali ke slavn\u00e9mu Joaninu kosovi.\u00a0 Pokud nev\u00edte, kdo to byl, tedy doty\u010dn\u00fd kos bydlel na zahrad\u011b pianistky Joan\u2026","rel":"","context":"V \u201eInfo\u201c","block_context":{"text":"Info","link":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/category\/info\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/P1330593-1024x768.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/P1330593-1024x768.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/P1330593-1024x768.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5655,"url":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/2018\/07\/05\/cerveny-a-cerny-zeleny-a-modry\/","url_meta":{"origin":2523,"position":3},"title":"\u010cerven\u00fd a&nbsp;\u010dern\u00fd, zelen\u00fd a&nbsp;modr\u00fd","author":"Zuzana Syrov\u00e1 An\u00fd\u017eov\u00e1","date":"05\/07\/2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Ve st\u0159edu odpoledne byla na\u0161e \u010dty\u0159i po\u0161tol\u010data okrou\u017ekov\u00e1na. Akce byla domluvena ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dtrn\u00e1ct dn\u00ed p\u0159edem s brn\u011bnsk\u00fdm pr\u016fvodcem ji\u017e tradi\u010dn\u00edch ornitologick\u00fdch ve\u010dern\u00edch vych\u00e1zek \u010cSO za na\u0161imi pta\u010d\u00edmi sousedy.\u00a0 Po\u0161tol\u010data byla vylovena z hn\u00edzda, str\u010dena do pytl\u00edku, v n\u011bm zv\u00e1\u017eena, okrou\u017ekov\u00e1na, vyta\u017eena z pytl\u00edk\u016f a ulo\u017eena zp\u00e1tky na hn\u00edzdo,\u2026","rel":"","context":"V \u201e\"Na\u0161e\" po\u0161tolky\u201c","block_context":{"text":"\"Na\u0161e\" po\u0161tolky","link":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/category\/nasi\/nase-postolky\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/20180704-2013346881.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/20180704-2013346881.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/20180704-2013346881.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/20180704-2013346881.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/20180704-2013346881.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6971,"url":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/2019\/02\/02\/portret-postolky\/","url_meta":{"origin":2523,"position":4},"title":"Portr\u00e9t po\u0161tolky","author":"Zuzana Syrov\u00e1 An\u00fd\u017eov\u00e1","date":"02\/02\/2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Aneb p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed ilustrace Karla Svolinsk\u00e9ho z knihy Josefa Jirs\u00edka Na\u0161i pt\u00e1ci.","rel":"","context":"V \u201ePo\u0161tolka\u201c","block_context":{"text":"Po\u0161tolka","link":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/category\/ostatni-zvirena\/ptaci\/dravec\/postolka\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Svolinsky1938u.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":9475,"url":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/2019\/10\/06\/kocky-a-ptaci-ptaci-a-kocky\/","url_meta":{"origin":2523,"position":5},"title":"Ko\u010dky a&nbsp;pt\u00e1ci, pt\u00e1ci a&nbsp;ko\u010dky","author":"Zuzana Syrov\u00e1 An\u00fd\u017eov\u00e1","date":"06\/10\/2019","format":"quote","excerpt":"Aneb o ko\u010dk\u00e1ch lov\u00edch pt\u00e1ky v literatu\u0159e, v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9m um\u011bn\u00ed i re\u00e1ln\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b kolem n\u00e1s.","rel":"","context":"V \u201eKo\u010dka\u201c","block_context":{"text":"Ko\u010dka","link":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/category\/ostatni-zvirena\/savec\/kocka-cs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Cat-and-Bird-1928.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Cat-and-Bird-1928.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Cat-and-Bird-1928.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Cat-and-Bird-1928.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2523","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2523"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2523\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45067,"href":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2523\/revisions\/45067"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2523"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2523"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2523"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}