{"id":139,"date":"2014-10-05T17:55:37","date_gmt":"2014-10-05T15:55:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/2014\/10\/05\/oda-na-hrabose\/"},"modified":"2026-03-21T08:39:16","modified_gmt":"2026-03-21T07:39:16","slug":"oda-na-hrabose","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tinnunculus.sy-sy.cz\/index.php\/2014\/10\/05\/oda-na-hrabose\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d3da na hrabo\u0161e…"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Hrabo\u0161 poln\u00ed<\/a> (Microtus arvalis<\/em>) je proslul\u00fd \u0161k\u016fdce. P\u0159itom na jeho geometrick\u00e9 mno\u017e\u00edc\u00ed schopnosti je z\u00e1visl\u00fd j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek \u0159ady pred\u00e1tor\u016f (viz. obr. n\u00ed\u017ee) v\u010detn\u011b na\u0161ich po\u0161tolek. Jin\u00fdmi slovy: Nebylo-li by hrabo\u0161\u016f, nebylo z\u0159ejm\u011b ani tolik\u00a0 po\u0161tolek.<\/p>\n

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Kresba p\u0159evzata z knihy Pole a louky z edice Pr\u016fvodce p\u0159\u00edrodou, IKAR.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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Hrabo\u0161 poln\u00ed je dlouh\u00fd 9-15 cm, s kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm v\u00e1lcovit\u00fdm ocasem (30-40% d\u00e9lky t\u011bla) a mal\u00fdma okrouhl\u00fdma u\u0161ima, kter\u00e9 jsou t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 cel\u00e9 ukryt\u00e9 v srsti. Srst maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u011b zbarvenou, od hn\u011bdav\u011b \u0161ed\u00e9 p\u0159es na\u017eloutlou, narezav\u011blou nebo sko\u0159icovou a\u017e k t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 hn\u011bd\u00e9 nebo \u0161edohn\u011bd\u00e9. B\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed strana b\u00fdv\u00e1 zpravidla sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00ed. Hrabo\u0161 poln\u00ed \u017eije hlavn\u011b v koloni\u00edch. Pohromad\u011b se sdru\u017euje v\u00edce jedinc\u016f, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd buduje svou vlastn\u00ed noru. D\u00e9lka \u017eivota se pohybuje od 1 do 4 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Ve st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 3-5 t\u00fddn\u016f se hrabo\u0161i za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed rozmno\u017eovat (mlad\u00e9 sami\u010dky u\u017e ve 35.dnu sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota b\u00fdvaj\u00ed matkami). Sami\u010dky jsou b\u0159ez\u00ed 21 dn\u016f. Do roka m\u00edvaj\u00ed 1-5 vrh\u016f po 1-10 ml\u00e1\u010fatech. B\u011bhem roku se m\u016f\u017ee po\u010detnost hrabo\u0161\u016f m\u016f\u017ee mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it. jeden p\u00e1r se m\u016f\u017ee rozr\u016fst a\u017e na po\u010det 2500 jedinc\u016f. To se ov\u0161em nepoda\u0159\u00ed hrabo\u0161\u016fm poka\u017ed\u00e9. Ve t\u0159ech a\u017e sedmilet\u00fdch, n\u011bkdy i del\u0161\u00edch intervalech doch\u00e1z\u00ed nicm\u00e9n\u011b k jejich kalamitn\u00edmu p\u0159emno\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Co je kalamitou pro zem\u011bd\u011blce, je po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00edm pro pred\u00e1tory, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm dravce – po\u0161tolky, k\u00e1\u0148ata, kalousy…Ze zku\u0161enosti v\u00edme, \u017ee pokud je dosti hrabo\u0161\u016f,“na\u0161e“ po\u0161tolky ani nic jin\u00e9ho nelov\u00ed. Bu\u010fto jsou tito hlodavci tak chutn\u00ed nebo je to prost\u011b jen nejsn\u00e1ze dosa\u017eiteln\u00e1 ko\u0159ist. Zkonzumuje-li pak jeden \u010dlen po\u0161tol\u010d\u00ed dom\u00e1cnosti 2-81<\/sup> hrabo\u0161\u016f denn\u011b…<\/p>\n

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Pozn.:<\/em><\/p>\n

1\/ <\/em>RSPB (http:\/\/www.rspb.org.uk\/discoverandenjoynature\/discoverandlearn\/birdguide\/name\/k\/kestrel\/food_and_hunting.aspx<\/a>) ud\u00e1v\u00e1 4-8 hrabo\u0161\u016f. Dva hrabo\u0161i jsou minimum v dob\u011b nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed – vytrval\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f, kter\u00e9 sm\u00fdvaj\u00ed signalizaci hrabo\u0161\u00edch cesti\u010dek, nebo \u0161patn\u00fdch letov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek za v\u011btr\u016f a fujavic. O tom, jak po\u0161tolky lov\u00ed v samostatn\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Odkazy:<\/em><\/p>\n